The usage of classical and contemporary theory of Islamic Astronomy development in Madrassa Tasywiquth Thullab Salafiyah Kudus

ABSTRACT 

The usage of classical and contemporary theory of Islamic astronomy development in Madrassa Tasywiquth Thullab Salafiyah was the most interesting study among all the studies of Islamic astronomy in Indonesia. The reason was that Madrassa Tasywiquth Thullab Salafiyah had studied Islamic astronomy in the beginning of its establishment, that was in 1929 AD and it still exists until today. They had comitment on Islamic astronomy. They used classical theory and also used contemporary theory in study Islamic astronomy. The development Islamic astronomy in Madrassa Tasywiquth Thullab Salafiyah was inheritance, from first generation to the next generation. The writer took two statements of problems in this research, those were (1) Why did Madrassa Tasywiquth Thullab Salafiyah Kudus use both of classical and contemporary theory in Islamic astronomy development and (2) How did the Islamic astronomers of Madrassa Tasywiquth Thullab Salafiyah Kudus use both of classical and contemporary theory in Islamic astronomy development. The category of this research was a qualitative research. The main source and the data input of this research was taken from the people involved directly in the observed activity, so this research was also called field research, which had two data source types (primary data source and secondary data source). The primary data source of this research was interview results with some key persons such as teachers, deputy of curriculum, and also institution coordinator of Islamic astronomy development in TBS. The secondary data sources of this research were books, newspapers, magazines, articles related to this research. Next, these data were analyzed by descriptive analysis method. The results of this research were, (1) Madrassa Tasywiquth Thullab Salafiyah Kudus used classical and contemporary theory as a form of survival. It meant that they still maintained the classic theories. Nowadays the era goes to be more modern and more sophisticated, Madrassa Tasywiquth Thullab Salafiyah Kudus still used and learned the classical theory. It also could be a form of revival, that Madrassa Tasywiquth Thullab Salafiyah Kudus did the newness of the theory which was in line with the todays development, by using contemporary theory. (2) Islamic astronomers in Madrassa Tasywiquth Thullab Salafiyah Kudus used classical and contemporary theory for theoritical purpose, that was for the importance to get calculation that was closer to the truth, but still used classical theory as a form of preservation to classic books. Therefore it could be known the similarity and difference of the calculation and gained the knowledge and also for religious purpose. In this case, Madrassa Tasywiquth Thullab Salafiyah Kudus issued calender annually and leaflet of Imsak and prayer times every Ramadhan month. This case was absolutely related to religious purpose, so that it could be steadily in implementation of worship. 

Key Word : Islamic astronomy, classical theory, contemporary theory